When countries export weapons, they frequently set associated conditions. Rules against reselling the gear without permission would be a basic condition for obvious reasons, and more advance restrictions on technology tranfer, sharing of details about the weapon with other countries, and related codicils are also common. Some western countries will also place restrictions on what the purchaser can do with the weapons as part of these "End Use Monitoring"(EUM) agreements.
Indonesia turned to Russia as a supplier, for instance, after Britain created problems when the country moved to use its British=made Scorpion light tanks against a separatist insurgencyin Aceh. Chad encountered trouble from Switzerland after its Pilatus-7 turboprops were reported to have been armed for use aginst Sudanese-backed forces. A problem that the opposing Sudanese forces don't have with their new Chinese and Russian jets. During the Cold War, regimes always had the option of playing Western suppliers off against the Soviet Union. With the USSR's collapse, that option disappeared for a while, but the re-emergence of Russia's weapons industry, and the development of competitive arms industries in countries like China, South Korea, Brazil, and India, is changing the global equation again.
EUMs are likely to be affected by this trend, as the leverage to apply them declines. The question is which items are deal-breakers that must be retained by western countries, and which will be allowed to quietly fall by the wayside. That decision will be different in different countries, of course. Meanwhile, the strains created in India by standard American EUMs appear likely to provide an early indicator. India is a leading edge case for a number of reason ...
